Compound to be used as an adhesive in the manufacture of envelops and the gumming of paper.



UNITED STATES PATENT oF IoE.

vrcron G. BLOEDE, or CATONSVI'LLE, MARYLAND.

COMPOUND TO BE USED AS AN ADHESIVE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF EN VELOPS ANDTHE GUMMIN G OF PAPER.

No Drawing.

7 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VICTOR G. BLOEDE, a citizen 'of the United States,residing in Catonsville, in the county .of Baltimore and State ofMaryland, have invented a new and useful Compound to be Used as anAdhesive in the Manufacture of Envelops and the G1uinming of Paper, ofwhich the following is a specification.

In the manufacture of envelops and the gumming of paper artificial, ornatural gums soluble in water are used, the former usually beingproduced by the hydrolyzation 'of some dextrin or gum, the latternaturalproducts as represented by gum arabic, Senegal, etc. Theseproducts are all used in the form of a thick syrupy solution of variousdegrees of density and produced by dissolving the dry gums by boilingwith water, a process well known by all manufacturers using suchproducts.

While the ordinary grades of paper present no difliculty in the matterof perfect adhesion, there are a considerable number of grades whichowing to some peculiar texture or construction, or through the characterof the stock .or sizing employed in their manufactu re, highcompression, or finish, or other causes show. a remarkable degreeofresistance, or repulsion for the gum used'to efl'ect their adhesion, andin many instances are the greatest ease,

that the paper cannot be so refractory E I nve ops made to permanentlyadhere. made from paper of this and in some cases, and especially aftera few weeks storage, the

' 'gummed surfaces separate or fall apart,

making the envelop useless commercially. Among the types of paperespecially subject to this trouble may be named the hard sized linen andManila grades, also certain embossed or highly calendered or finishedpapers.

Papers of the type described, while often in other respects especiallyadapted for envelops or other manufactured products, present almostinsurmountable difliculties when it comes to properly sticking onesurface upon the other. It has long been known that caustic soda orpotash, or other strong alkali added to the gum used 'in working thesepapers will produce satisfactory results so far as adhesion is conformof starch, and called"stances, or conditions,

type open up with 'odor whatever, and low cost answers cerned, but theuse of such agents is in most cases entirely madmissible owing havingstrong power of penetration as well as affinity for, or solvent actionupon, subrepellent effects inthese refractory papers. It was found as aresult of thesetrials that any substance having a solvent action onPatented Sept. 12, 1916. Application and February 28, 1914. Serial No.821,786.

tothe discoloration they, produce in the gum producing the water fattyresinous, or waxy bodies when added to and combined with the gum used asan adhesive increased its sticking qualities to such an extent as tomake satisfactory re-' sults possible with grades of paper hithertoregarded as unstickable? Another great practical advantage incidentallybrought about by such an addition is the. fact that owin to the Waterrepellent condition of the paper being overcome by its action, orpenetrating properties, the gum applied forms a much smoother and moresightly film, and the puckering or buckling of the paper is greatlylessened, produchig very much better and more satisfactory work.

Among the substances that are applicable in my process,'1 may name anyof the volatile hydrocarbons, such as benzin, benzol, turpentine, 7chloroform, ether, tetra chlorid or bisulfid of carbon, indeed, asstated, any volatile solvent of fatty or resinous matters. claims. toany special substance or com pound, but have found in practice thattetra chlorid of carbon, owing to its uninflammability, ready volatilitywithout leaving any y purpose rather better than most other substancesof the. type named. Some nonvolatile oils and their saponifications, oremulsions, also produce similar effects, for instance, thesulfo-ricinates, but not nearly in so marked a degree, and possess thefur- ,ther objection of remaining in the composition While the volatileadditions named wholly disappear by the time the applied watery solutionof gum has dried.

I do not, therefore, confine my In carrying out my process, I first makeup a solution of a gum or dextrin of the desired coneentratimi orviscosity. The relative amount of water and dry material used dependssomewhat upon the character of the product from which the solution ismade as there is a wide range in the viscosity the various starch gumson the market, but I have found that from one and. a. half pounds to twopounds of the dry gums or dextrin of commerce to one pound of water willgive good results. In actual practice, I use what is termed the standardenvclop gum, and make up my mixture as follows: 160 lbs. standardenvelop gum, 100 lbs. water.

Sift the gum into the water cold, and stir the mixture until a smoothpaste is formed, free from lumps and clots of undissolved material. Heatthis mixture in a copper jacketed kettle, preferably provided with amechanical stirrer, and a terhavingln-ought it to a boil, simmer themixture for one to one and one-half hours, then allow to cool to normaltemperature, and having, replaced the evaporated water so as to bring,the mixture back to weight of both ingredients, that is, 260 lbs, add 5%to of the dry weight of the gum used, that is, 8 lbs. to 16 lbs. oftetrachlorid of carbon, benzol, turpentiue, or similar solvent, and stirthe composition until a full combination, or emulsification of thesolvent with the paste has been cilectcd, when the (UlllPOSltlUll isready for use, and may then be applied in the ordinary manner known tothe trade.

I do not limit myself to any specific solvent, nor to specificproportions in which it is to be used, as both the choice of the agentemployed and its quantity used depends largely upon the character of thepaper operated upon, but as stated, I have found tetra chlorld of carbona very satisfactory agent and an addition of 5% of the weight of theliquid gum a satisfactory proportion for general work.

\Vhile I have. especially mentioned artificial and natural gumsolutions, these being most largely used for this purpose. my process isequally applicable to preparations of glue or flour or raw starch pastesused as adhesives in some classes of work, the addition of the solventbesides securing the advantages set forth, also acting as a powerfulpreservative and preventing fermentation and decay.

Iclaim:

A water soluble mucilage or paste consisting of about 160 pounds ofenvelop gum, 100 pounds of water, and eight to sixteen pounds ofvolatile solvent, substantially as described and for the purposespecified.

VICTOR (l. BLOICDI).

Witnesses:

WM. H. 'luoMAs, Jr., H. M. Yes.

copies of this patent may be obtained {or iiye onto each, by addreuin:the "Commiuioner of Patents, Washington, D. O.

